Description
Tehenu palette
(Towns-, Libyan Booty-, Siege-, Trees and Towns- palette, Buto palette)
Cairo Mus. C.G. 14238
Unprovenanced (Abydos ?) - h. 18,5 cm (orig. c. 70 cm) x 21 (schist)

Bibliography
de Morgan, Recherches II, 264, pl.3
G. Steindorff, FS Ebers (Aegyptiaca 1897) 122 ff (Stadtenzerstörung)
J. Capart, Primitive art in Egypt, 1905, fig. 175.176
K. Sethe, ZAS 52, 1914, 55-9
Schott, Hieroglyphen, pl. 3, fig. 5-6
Vandier, Manuel I p. 590-592, fig. 388
Petrie, Ceremonial Slate Palettes p. 15, pl. G19, G20
Weill, Ire Dynastie I p. 183ff; fig. pag. 203
id, II p. 179-80 (with bibliogr.)
H. Asselberghs, Chaos en Beheersing, 1961 n.164,165, pl. 92
J. Monnet-Saleh, Fortresses, ou Villes-Protégées Thinites?, BIFAO 67, 1969, 173-187
Alessandra Nibbi: The "Trees and Towns" Palette, ASAE 63, 1977, 143-54 (Foundation of towns)
Ogdon, GM 49, 1981, 61-4 (Mr sign as 'foundation' symbol/hieroglyph)
W. Barta, GM 54, 1982, 11-16 (Destruction of towns)
Largacha, VA 5, 1989, 217-226 (Foundation of towns)
Cialowicz, Les palettes ... Studies in Ancient Art and Civilization 3, 1991, 56f. (+ bibl.)
Alan R. Shulman, BES 11, 1992, 79ff.
W. Davis, Masking the Blow (1992)
P. Gautier, B. Midant-Reynes, La Tête de Massue du Roi Scorpion, Archéo-Nil 5, 1995, 87-127
J. Baines, in D. O'Connor - D. Silverman (eds.), Ancient Egyptian Kingship, 1995, 112, 151
G. Dreyer, Umm el-Qaab I (1998) p. 173-180 (Naqada IIIa Royal names on the sieged towns-fortresses glyphs)
J. Baines, Defining social complexity in early Egypt: levels of patterning in the evidence, World Archaeological Congress 4, Cape Town 1999
M. Etienne, A propos des représentations d'enceintes crénelées sur les palettes de l'epoque de Naqada III, Archéo-Nil 9, 1999
K. Cialowicz, La naissance d'un royaume, 2001, 180-2, fig. 28
F.A.K. Breyer, Die Schriftzeugnisse des Prädynastischen Königsgrabes U-j in Umm el-Qaab: Versuch einer Neuinterpretation, JEA 88, 2002, 53-65
G. Dreyer, Städte-Palette, in: W. Seipel, (ed.), Der Turmbau zu Babel. Ursprung und Vielfalt von Sprache und Schrift, Bd. IIIB, Graz, 2003, 96-100
L.D. Morentz, Bild-Buchstaben und symbolische Zeichen, 2004, 144-150 ("Buto Palette")

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