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- W.B. Emery ' Archaic Egypt ' (1961) Harmondsworth
- I.E.S. Edwards ' The Early Dynastic Period in Egypt ' C.A.H. III ediz.
vol. I.1 , p.1-70 (1971)
- and, in the same Cambridge Ancient History vol. I.2 W.S. Smith p.145-207
(dyn. 3 on)
- R. Weill : The II nd and III rd dynasties in Egypt (1908)
- id. : The Ist dynasty (1961)
- N. Swelim : Some Problems on the History of the Third Dynasty
- 'Archaeological and Historical Studies' n.7. (87)Alessandria
- J. Spencer ed. 'Early Dynastic Egypt' (1996)
- T.A.H. Wilkinson : Early Dynastic Egypt (1999) Routledge*****
- P. Kaplony 'Die Inschriften der Agyptischen Fruhzeit' (1963) (abbr.
I.A.F.)
- id. ' Die Inschriften der Agyptischer Fruhzeit . Supplement ' (1965)
- id. 'Kleine Beitrage zu den Inschriften der ...' (1966) (abbr. KBIAF)
- W. Helck 'Untersuchungen zur Thinitenzeit' (1987) (abbr. Thinitenzeit)
- J. Kahl 'Das System der agyptischen Hieroglyphenschrift 0-3 D.'(1994)
(abbr. SAH)
- Kahl, Kloth, Zimmermann 'Die Inschriften der 3. Dynastie' (AA 1995)
- B.Porter & N.Moss ' Topographical Bibliography ' (1927-51) *****
(abbr.PM)
- Voci nel 'Lexicon der Agyptologie' (1977) (abbr. L.A.)
- J. Quibell : Archaic Mastabas (1923)
- id . : Excavations at Saqqara 1911-12: The Tomb of Hesy (1913)
- A. Mariette : Les Mastabas de l' Ancien Empire (1889)
- J. Vandier 'Manuel d' Archéologie ... I' (1952) pag. 613-990
- W.S. Smith 'A History of Egyptian sculpture and painting...' (1946)
(abbr. HESPOK)
- W.Wood (J.A.R.C.E. 15, 1978) A Reconstruction of the reliefs of Hesyra
- J.P. Lauer : Histor. Monument.